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Question 1:
A company hosts multiple applications on AWS for different product lines. The applications use different compute resources, including Amazon EC2 instances and Application Load Balancers. The applications run in different AWS accounts
under the same organization in AWS Organizations across multiple AWS Regions. Teams for each product line have tagged each compute resource in the individual accounts.
The company wants more details about the cost for each product line from the consolidated billing feature in Organizations.
Which combination of steps will meet these requirements? (Choose two.)
A. Select a specific AWS generated tag in the AWS Billing console.
B. Select a specific user-defined tag in the AWS Billing console.
C. Select a specific user-defined tag in the AWS Resource Groups console.
D. Activate the selected tag from each AWS account.
E. Activate the selected tag from the Organizations management account.
Correct Answer: BE
“Only a management account in an organization and single accounts that aren\’t members of an organization have access to the cost allocation tags manager in the Billing and Cost Management console.” https://docs.aws.amazon.com/awsaccountbilling/latest/aboutv2/custom-tags.html
Question 2:
A medical research lab produces data that is related to a new study. The lab wants to make the data available with minimum latency to clinics across the country for their on-premises, file-based applications. The data files are stored in an Amazon S3 bucket that has read-only permissions for each clinic.
What should a solutions architect recommend to meet these requirements?
A. Deploy an AWS Storage Gateway file gateway as a virtual machine (VM) on premises at each clinic
B. Migrate the files to each clinic\’s on-premises applications by using AWS DataSync for processing.
C. Deploy an AWS Storage Gateway volume gateway as a virtual machine (VM) on premises at each clinic.
D. Attach an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system to each clinic\’s on-premises servers.
Correct Answer: A
AWS Storage Gateway is a service that connects an on-premises software appliance with cloud-based storage to provide seamless and secure integration between an organization\’s on-premises IT environment and AWS\’s storage infrastructure. By deploying a file gateway as a virtual machine on each clinic\’s premises, the medical research lab can provide low-latency access to the data stored in the S3 bucket while maintaining read-only permissions for each clinic. This solution allows the clinics to access the data files directly from their on-premises file-based applications without the need for data transfer or migration.
Question 3:
A company is implementing a shared storage solution for a gaming application that is hosted in an on-premises data center. The company needs the ability to use Lustre clients to access data. The solution must be fully managed. Which solution meets these requirements?
A. Create an AWS Storage Gateway file gateway. Create a file share that uses the required client protocol. Connect the application server to the file share.
B. Create an Amazon EC2 Windows instance. Install and configure a Windows file share role on the instance. Connect the application server to the file share.
C. Create an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system, and configure it to support Lustre. Attach the file system to the origin server. Connect the application server to the file system.
D. Create an Amazon FSx for Lustre file system. Attach the file system to the origin server. Connect the application server to the file system.
Correct Answer: D
Lustre in the question is only available as FSx https://aws.amazon.com/fsx/lustre/
Question 4:
An ecommerce company runs a PostgreSQL database on premises. The database stores data by using high IOPS Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) block storage. The daily peak I/O transactions per second do not exceed 15,000 IOPS. The company wants to migrate the database to Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL and provision disk IOPS performance independent of disk storage capacity. Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
A. Configure the General Purpose SSD (gp2) EBS volume storage type and provision 15,000 IOPS.
B. Configure the Provisioned IOPS SSD (io1) EBS volume storage type and provision 15,000 IOPS.
C. Configure the General Purpose SSD (gp3) EBS volume storage type and provision 15,000 IOPS.
D. Configure the EBS magnetic volume type to achieve maximum IOPS.
Correct Answer: C
Question 5:
A company runs its critical database on an Amazon RDS for PostgreSQL DB instance. The company wants to migrate to Amazon Aurora PostgreSQL with minimal downtime and data loss. Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Create a DB snapshot of the RDS for PostgreSQL DB instance to populate a new Aurora PostgreSQL DB cluster.
B. Create an Aurora read replica of the RDS for PostgreSQL DB instance. Promote the Aurora read replicate to a new Aurora PostgreSQL DB cluster.
C. Use data import from Amazon S3 to migrate the database to an Aurora PostgreSQL DB cluster.
D. Use the pg_dump utility to back up the RDS for PostgreSQL database. Restore the backup to a new Aurora PostgreSQL DB cluster.
Correct Answer: B
Aurora read replicas allow setting up replication from RDS PostgreSQL to Aurora PostgreSQL with minimal downtime.
Once replication is set up, the read replica can be promoted to a full standalone Aurora DB cluster with little to no downtime.
This approach leverages AWS\’s managed replication between the source RDS PostgreSQL instance and Aurora. It avoids having to manually create backups and restore data. Using DB snapshots or pg_dump backups requires manually
restoring data which increases downtime and operational overhead.
Data import from S3 would require exporting, uploading and then importing data which adds overhead.
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonRDS/latest/AuroraUserGuide/AuroraPostgreSQL.Migrating.html
Question 6:
A solutions architect needs to allow team members to access Amazon S3 buckets in two different AWS accounts: a development account and a production account. The team currently has access to S3 buckets in the development account by using unique IAM users that are assigned to an IAM group that has appropriate permissions in the account.
The solutions architect has created an IAM role in the production account. The role has a policy that grants access to an S3 bucket in the production account. Which solution will meet these requirements while complying with the principle of least privilege?
A. Attach the Administrator Access policy to the development account users.
B. Add the development account as a principal in the trust policy of the role in the production account.
C. Turn off the S3 Block Public Access feature on the S3 bucket in the production account.
D. Create a user in the production account with unique credentials for each team member.
Correct Answer: B
By adding the development account as a principal in the trust policy of the IAM role in the production account, you are allowing users from the development account to assume the role in the production account. This allows the team members to access the S3 bucket in the production account without granting them unnecessary privileges.
Question 7:
A company has separate AWS accounts for its finance, data analytics, and development departments. Because of costs and security concerns, the company wants to control which services each AWS account can use.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Use AWS Systems Manager templates to control which AWS services each department can use.
B. Create organization units (OUs) for each department in AWS Organizations. Attach service control policies (SCPs) to the OUs.
C. Use AWS CloudFormation to automatically provision only the AWS services that each department can use.
D. Set up a list of products in AWS Service Catalog in the AWS accounts to manage and control the usage of specific AWS services.
Correct Answer: B
To control different AWS account you required AWS Organisation
Question 8:
A company has an event-driven application that invokes AWS Lambda functions up to 800 times each minute with varying runtimes. The Lambda functions access data that is stored in an Amazon Aurora MySQL OB cluster. The company is noticing connection timeouts as user activity increases The database shows no signs of being overloaded. CPU. memory, and disk access metrics are all low.
Which solution will resolve this issue with the LEAST operational overhead?
A. Adjust the size of the Aurora MySQL nodes to handle more connections. Configure retry logic in the Lambda functions for attempts to connect to the database
B. Set up Amazon ElastiCache tor Redls to cache commonly read items from the database. Configure the Lambda functions to connect to ElastiCache for reads.
C. Add an Aurora Replica as a reader node. Configure the Lambda functions to connect to the reader endpoint of the OB cluster rather than lo the writer endpoint.
D. Use Amazon ROS Proxy to create a proxy. Set the DB cluster as the target database Configure the Lambda functions lo connect to the proxy rather than to the DB cluster.
Correct Answer: D
Question 9:
A company wants to migrate its on-premises application to AWS. The application produces output files that vary in size from tens of gigabytes to hundreds of terabytes The application data must be stored in a standard file system structure The company wants a solution that scales automatically, is highly available, and requires minimum operational overhead.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Migrate the application to run as containers on Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) Use Amazon S3 for storage
B. Migrate the application to run as containers on Amazon Elastic Kubernetes Service (Amazon EKS) Use Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) for storage
C. Migrate the application to Amazon EC2 instances in a Multi-AZ Auto Scaling group. Use Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) for storage.
D. Migrate the application to Amazon EC2 instances in a Multi-AZ Auto Scaling group. Use Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) for storage.
Correct Answer: C
EFS is a standard file system, it scales automatically and is highly available.
Question 10:
A company\’s application runs on AWS. The application stores large documents in an Amazon S3 bucket that uses the S3 Standard-infrequent Access (S3 Standerd-IA) storage class. The company will continue paying to store the data but wants to save on its total S3 costs. The company wants authorized external users to have the ability to access the documents in milliseconds.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
A. Configure the S3 bucket to be a Requester Pays bucket
B. Change the storage tier to S3 Standard for all existing and future objects.
C. Turn on S3 Transfer Acceleration tor the S3 Docket
D. Use Amazon CloudFront to handle all the requests to the S3 bucket
Correct Answer: D
Question 11:
A company runs a production application on a fleet of Amazon EC2 instances. The application reads the data from an Amazon SQS queue and processes the messages in parallel. The message volume is unpredictable and often has intermittent traffic. This application should continually process messages without any downtime.
Which solution meets these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
A. Use Spot Instances exclusively to handle the maximum capacity required.
B. Use Reserved Instances exclusively to handle the maximum capacity required.
C. Use Reserved Instances for the baseline capacity and use Spot Instances to handle additional capacity.
D. Use Reserved Instances for the baseline capacity and use On-Demand Instances to handle additional capacity.
Correct Answer: D
We recommend that you use On-Demand Instances for applications with short-term, irregular workloads that cannot be interrupted. https://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/ec2-on-demand-instances.html
Question 12:
A company hosts a website analytics application on a single Amazon EC2 On-Demand Instance. The analytics software is written in PHP and uses a MySQL database. The analytics software, the web server that provides PHP, and the database server are all hosted on the EC2 instance. The application is showing signs of performance degradation during busy times and is presenting 5xx errors. The company needs to make the application scale seamlessly.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST cost-effectively?
A. Migrate the database to an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance. Create an AMI of the web application. Use the AMI to launch a second EC2 On-Demand Instance. Use an Application Load Balancer to distribute the load to each EC2 instance.
B. Migrate the database to an Amazon RDS for MySQL DB instance. Create an AMI of the web application. Use the AMI to launch a second EC2 On-Demand Instance. Use Amazon Route 53 weighted routing to distribute the load across the two EC2 instances.
C. Migrate the database to an Amazon Aurora MySQL DB instance. Create an AWS Lambda function to stop the EC2 instance and change the instance type. Create an Amazon CloudWatch alarm to invoke the Lambda function when CPU utilization surpasses 75%.
D. Migrate the database to an Amazon Aurora MySQL DB instance. Create an AMI of the web application. Apply the AMI to a launch template. Create an Auto Scaling group with the launch template Configure the launch template to use a Spot Fleet. Attach an Application Load Balancer to the Auto Scaling group.
Correct Answer: D
Question 13:
A company hosts a three-tier web application in the AWS Cloud. A Multi-AZAmazon RDS for MySQL server forms the database layer Amazon ElastiCache forms the cache layer. The company wants a caching strategy that adds or updates data in the cache when a customer adds an item to the database. The data in the cache must always match the data in the database.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Implement the lazy loading caching strategy
B. Implement the write-through caching strategy
C. Implement the adding TTL caching strategy
D. Implement the AWS AppConfig caching strategy
Correct Answer: B
In the write-through caching strategy, when a customer adds or updates an item in the database, the application first writes the data to the database and then updates the cache with the same data. This ensures that the cache is always synchronized with the database, as every write operation triggers an update to the cache.
Question 14:
An Amazon EC2 administrator created the following policy associated with an IAM group containing several users
What is the effect of this policy?
A. Users can terminate an EC2 instance in any AWS Region except us-east-1.
B. Users can terminate an EC2 instance with the IP address 10 100 100 1 in the us-east-1 Region
C. Users can terminate an EC2 instance in the us-east-1 Region when the user\’s source IP is 10.100.100.254.
D. Users cannot terminate an EC2 instance in the us-east-1 Region when the user\’s source IP is 10.100 100 254
Correct Answer: C
as the policy prevents anyone from doing any EC2 action on any region except us-east-1 and allows only users with source ip 10.100.100.0/24 to terminate instances. So user with source ip 10.100.100.254 can terminate instances in us-east1 region.
Question 15:
A company has a website hosted on AWS. The website is behind an Application Load Balancer (ALB) that is configured to handle HTTP and HTTPS separately. The company wants to forward all requests to the website so that the requests will use HTTPS.
What should a solutions architect do to meet this requirement?
A. Update the ALB\’s network ACL to accept only HTTPS traffic
B. Create a rule that replaces the HTTP in the URL with HTTPS.
C. Create a listener rule on the ALB to redirect HTTP traffic to HTTPS.
D. Replace the ALB with a Network Load Balancer configured to use Server Name Indication (SNI).
Correct Answer: C
https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/elb-redirect-http-to-https-using-alb/
How can I redirect HTTP requests to HTTPS using an Application Load Balancer? Last updated: 2020-10-30 I want to redirect HTTP requests to HTTPS using Application Load Balancer listener rules. How can I do this? Resolution
Reference:
https://aws.amazon.com/premiumsupport/knowledge-center/elb-redirect-http-to-https-using-alb/