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Question 1:
Users are reporting errors in an application. The application consists of several microservices that are deployed on Amazon Elastic Container Service (Amazon ECS) with AWS Fargate. Which combination of steps should a developer take to fix the errors? (Choose two.)
A. Deploy AWS X-Ray as a sidecar container to the microservices. Update the task role policy to allow access to the X-Ray API.
B. Deploy AWS X-Ray as a daemonset to the Fargate cluster. Update the service role policy to allow access to the X-Ray API.
C. Instrument the application by using the AWS X-Ray SDK. Update the application to use the PutXrayTrace API call to communicate with the X-Ray API.
D. Instrument the application by using the AWS X-Ray SDK. Update the application to communicate with the X-Ray daemon.
E. Instrument the ECS task to send the stdout and stderr output to Amazon CloudWatch Logs. Update the task role policy to allow the cloudwatch:PullLogs action.
Correct Answer: DE
Question 2:
A developer is building a new application on AWS. The application uses an AWS Lambda function that retrieves information from an Amazon DynamoDB table. The developer hard coded the DynamoDB table name into the Lambda function code. The table name might change over time. The developer does not want to modify the Lambda code if the table name changes.
Which solution will meet these requirements MOST efficiently?
A. Create a Lambda environment variable to store the table name. Use the standard method for the programming language to retrieve the variable.
B. Store the table name in a file. Store the file in the /tmp folder. Use the SDK for the programming language to retrieve the table name.
C. Create a file to store the table name. Zip the file and upload the file to the Lambda layer. Use the SDK for the programming language to retrieve the table name.
D. Create a global variable that is outside the handler in the Lambda function to store the table name.
Correct Answer: A
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lambda/latest/dg/configuration-envvars.html
Question 3:
A company has an application that uses AWS CodePipeline to automate its continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD) workflow. The application uses AWS CodeCommit for version control. A developer who was working on one of the tasks did not pull the most recent changes from the main branch. A week later, the developer noticed merge conflicts.
How can the developer resolve the merge conflicts in the developer\’s branch with the LEAST development effort?
A. Clone the repository. Create a new branch. Update the branch with the changes.
B. Create a new branch. Apply the changes from the previous branch.
C. Use the Commit Visualizer view to compare the commits when a feature was added. Fix the merge conflicts.
D. Stop the pull from the main branch to the feature branch. Rebase the feature branch from the main branch.
Correct Answer: D
Question 4:
A company caches session information for a web application in an Amazon DynamoDB table. The company wants an automated way to delete old items from the table. What is the simplest way to do this?
A. Write a script that deletes old records; schedule the script as a cron job on an Amazon EC2 instance.
B. Add an attribute with the expiration time; enable the Time To Live feature based on that attribute.
C. Each day, create a new table to hold session data; delete the previous day\’s table.
D. Add an attribute with the expiration time; name the attribute ItemExpiration.
Correct Answer: B
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/amazondynamodb/latest/developerguide/time-to-live-ttl-how-to.html
Question 5:
A company is building a serverless application on AWS. The application uses an AWS Lambda function to process customer orders 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. The Lambda function calls an external vendor\’s HTTP API to process payments.
During load tests, a developer discovers that the external vendor payment processing API occasionally times out and returns errors. The company expects that some payment processing API calls will return errors.
The company wants the support team to receive notifications in near real time only when the payment processing external API error rate exceed 5% of the total number of transactions in an hour. Developers need to use an existing Amazon Simple Notification Service (Amazon SNS) topic that is configured to notify the support team.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Write the results of payment processing API calls to Amazon CloudWatch. Use Amazon CloudWatch Logs Insights to query the CloudWatch logs. Schedule the Lambda function to check the CloudWatch logs and notify the existing SNS topic.
B. Publish custom metrics to CloudWatch that record the failures of the external payment processing API calls. Configure a CloudWatch alarm to notify the existing SNS topic when error rate exceeds the specified rate.
C. Publish the results of the external payment processing API calls to a new Amazon SNS topic. Subscribe the support team members to the new SNS topic.
D. Write the results of the external payment processing API calls to Amazon S3. Schedule an Amazon Athena query to run at regular intervals. Configure Athena to send notifications to the existing SNS topic when the error rate exceeds the specified rate.
Correct Answer: B
Question 6:
A developer is creating an AWS Lambda function in VPC mode. An Amazon S3 event will invoke the Lambda function when an object is uploaded into an S3 bucket. The Lambda function will process the object and produce some analytic results that will be recorded into a file. Each processed object will also generate a log entry that will be recorded into a file.
Other Lambda functions, AWS services, and on-premises resources must have access to the result files and log file. Each log entry must also be appended to the same shared log file. The developer needs a solution that can share files and append results into an existing file.
Which solution should the developer use to meet these requirements?
A. Create an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system. Mount the EFS file system in Lambda. Store the result files and log file in the mount point. Append the log entries to the log file.
B. Create an Amazon Elastic Block Store (Amazon EBS) Multi-Attach enabled volume. Attach the EBS volume to all Lambda functions. Update the Lambda function code to download the log file, append the log entries, and upload the modified log file to Amazon EBS.
C. Create a reference to the /tmp local directory. Store the result files and log file by using the directory reference. Append the log entry to the log file.
D. Create a reference to the /opt storage directory. Store the result files and log file by using the directory reference. Append the log entry to the log file.
Correct Answer: A
Question 7:
A developer has written code for an application and wants to share it with other developers on the team to receive feedback. The shared application code needs to be stored long-term with multiple versions and batch change tracking. Which AWS service should the developer use?
A. AWS CodeBuild
B. Amazon S3
C. AWS CodeCommit
D. AWS Cloud9
Correct Answer: C
Question 8:
A developer creates a VPC named VPC-A that has public and private subnets. The developer also creates an Amazon RDS database inside the private subnet of VPC-A. To perform some queries, the developer creates an AWS Lambda function in the default VPC. The Lambda function has code to access the RDS database. When the Lambda function runs, an error message indicates that the function cannot connect to the RDS database.
How can the developer solve this problem?
A. Modify the RDS security group. Add a rule to allow traffic from all the ports from the VPC CIDR block.
B. Redeploy the Lambda function in the same subnet as the RDS instance. Ensure that the RDS security group allows traffic from the Lambda function.
C. Create a security group for the Lambda function. Add a new rule in the RDS security group to allow traffic from the new Lambda security group.
D. Create an IAM role. Attach a policy that allows access to the RDS database. Attach the role to the Lambda function.
Correct Answer: B
Question 9:
A developer is updating several AWS Lambda functions and notices that all the Lambda functions share the same custom libraries. The developer wants to centralize all the libraries, update the libraries in a convenient way, and keep the libraries versioned.
Which solution will meet these requirements with the LEAST development effort?
A. Create an AWS CodeArtifact repository that contains all the custom libraries.
B. Create a custom container image for the Lambda functions to save all the custom libraries.
C. Create a Lambda layer that contains all the custom libraries.
D. Create an Amazon Elastic File System (Amazon EFS) file system to store all the custom libraries.
Correct Answer: C
Question 10:
A company is running Amazon EC2 instances in multiple AWS accounts. A developer needs to implement an application that collects all the lifecycle events of the EC2 instances. The application needs to store the lifecycle events in a single Amazon Simple Queue Service (Amazon SQS) queue in the company\’s main AWS account for further processing.
Which solution will meet these requirements?
A. Configure Amazon EC2 to deliver the EC2 instance lifecycle events from all accounts to the Amazon EventBridge event bus of the main account. Add an EventBridge rule to the event bus of the main account that matches all EC2 instance lifecycle events. Add the SQS queue as a target of the rule.
B. Use the resource policies of the SQS queue in the main account to give each account permissions to write to that SQS queue. Add to the Amazon EventBridge event bus of each account an EventBridge rule that matches all EC2 instance lifecycle events. Add the SQS queue in the main account as a target of the rule.
C. Write an AWS Lambda function that scans through all EC2 instances in the company accounts to detect EC2 instance lifecycle changes. Configure the Lambda function to write a notification message to the SQS queue in the main account if the function detects an EC2 instance lifecycle change. Add an Amazon EventBridge scheduled rule that invokes the Lambda function every minute.
D. Configure the permissions on the main account event bus to receive events from all accounts. Create an Amazon EventBridge rule in each account to send all the EC2 instance lifecycle events to the main account event bus. Add an EventBridge rule to themain account event bus that matches all EC2 instance lifecycle events. Set the SQS queue as a target for the rule.
Correct Answer: D
Question 11:
An ecommerce company is using an AWS Lambda function behind Amazon API Gateway as its application tier. To process orders during checkout, the application calls a POST API from the frontend. The POST API invokes the Lambda function asynchronously. In rare situations, the application has not processed orders. The Lambda application logs show no errors or failures.
What should a developer do to solve this problem?
A. Inspect the frontend logs for API failures. Call the POST API manually by using the requests from the log file.
B. Create and inspect the Lambda dead-letter queue. Troubleshoot the failed functions. Reprocess the events.
C. Inspect the Lambda logs in Amazon CloudWatch for possible errors. Fix the errors.
D. Make sure that caching is disabled for the POST API in API Gateway.
Correct Answer: B
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/lambda/latest/dg/invocation-retries.html Asynchronous invocation – Lambda retries function errors twice. If the function doesn\’t have enough capacity to handle all incoming requests, events might wait in the queue for hours or days to be sent to the function. You can configure a dead-letter queue on the function to capture events that weren\’t successfully processed.
Question 12:
A developer has written an AWS Lambda function. The function is CPU-bound. The developer wants to ensure that the function returns responses quickly. How can the developer improve the function\’s performance?
A. Increase the function\’s CPU core count.
B. Increase the function\’s memory.
C. Increase the function\’s reserved concurrency.
D. Increase the function\’s timeout.
Correct Answer: B
Question 13:
A developer wants to insert a record into an Amazon DynamoDB table as soon as a new file is added to an Amazon S3 bucket. Which set of steps would be necessary to achieve this?
A. Create an event with Amazon EventBridge that will monitor the S3 bucket and then insert the records into DynamoDB.
B. Configure an S3 event to invoke an AWS Lambda function that inserts records into DynamoDB.
C. Create an AWS Lambda function that will poll the S3 bucket and then insert the records into DynamoDB.
D. Create a cron job that will run at a scheduled time and insert the records into DynamoDB.
Correct Answer: B
Question 14:
A developer is developing an application that uses signed requests (Signature Version 4) to call other AWS services. The developer has created a canonical request, has created the string to sign, and has calculated signing information. Which methods could the developer use to complete a signed request? (Choose two.)
A. Add the signature to an HTTP header that is named Authorization.
B. Add the signature to a session cookie.
C. Add the signature to an HTTP header that is named Authentication.
D. Add the signature to a query string parameter that is named X-Amz-Signature.
E. Add the signature to an HTTP header that is named WWW-Authenticate.
Correct Answer: AD
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/general/latest/gr/sigv4-add-signature-to-request.html
Question 15:
A developer has an application that makes batch requests directly to Amazon DynamoDB by using the BatchGetItem low-level API operation. The responses frequently return values in the UnprocessedKeys element. Which actions should the developer take to increase the resiliency of the application when the batch response includes values in UnprocessedKeys? (Choose two.)
A. Retry the batch operation immediately.
B. Retry the batch operation with exponential backoff and randomized delay.
C. Update the application to use an AWS software development kit (AWS SDK) to make the requests.
D. Increase the provisioned read capacity of the DynamoDB tables that the operation accesses.
E. Increase the provisioned write capacity of the DynamoDB tables that the operation accesses.
Correct Answer: BC
https://docs.aws.amazon.com/general/latest/gr/api-retries.html
